On the evening of December 2, the US Federal Register website published new export control rules by the US Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) aimed at further weakening China's ability to produce advanced node semiconductors for artificial intelligence (AI) and computing.

    The rules include new controls on 24 types of semiconductor manufacturing equipment and three types of software tools used to develop or produce semiconductors, new controls on high bandwidth memory (HBM), and 140 additions and 14 modifications to the entity list covering Chinese tool makers, semiconductor factories, and investment companies, among others.

    It is reported that 140 entities related to China's semiconductor industry are mainly located in China, while there are also companies located in Japan, South Korea and Singapore, which basically cover well-known domestic equipment manufacturers, including NAURA Chuang and Shengmei Semiconductor. For these Chinese companies on the entity list, U.S. suppliers will be prohibited from shipping to them without first obtaining a special license.

    In response to the unreasonable control of the United States, China has taken necessary countermeasures.

    Notice of the Ministry of Commerce No. 46 of 2024 on Strengthening Export Control of related dual-Use items to the United States

    In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China and other laws and regulations, in order to safeguard national security and interests and fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation, we have decided to strengthen export control of relevant dual-use items to the United States. The relevant matters are hereby announced as follows:

    (1) The export of dual-use items to U.S. military users or for military purposes is prohibited.

  （2）In principle, gallium, germanium, antimony, superhard materials related dual-use items are not permitted to export to the United States; Implement stricter end-user and end-use reviews for exports of graphite dual-use items to the United States.

    Any organization or individual from any country or region that, in violation of the above provisions, transfers or provides relevant dual-use items originating in the People's Republic of China to the United States will be held legally responsible.

    This announcement shall come into effect as of the date of publication.

    The Spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce was responding to reporters' questions on strengthening export control of relevant dual-use items to the US. Details are as follows:

    Q: We have noted the announcement by the Ministry of Commerce on strengthening export controls on dual-use items by the US. What is your consideration?

    A: In recent years, the US has generalized the concept of national security, politicized and weaponized economic and technological issues, abused export control measures, arbitrarily restricted the export of relevant products to China, and put a number of Chinese companies on the sanctions list to suppress and contain them, seriously undermining international trade rules, seriously undermining the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises, and seriously undermining the stability of the global industrial chain and supply chain.

    In order to safeguard national security and interests and fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation, in accordance with the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China and other laws, China has decided to strengthen export control of relevant dual-use items to the US, including banning the export of dual-use items to US military users or military purposes, and strictly controlling the export of dual-use items related to gallium, germanium, antimony, superhard materials and graphite to the US. Any organization or individual in any country or region violating relevant regulations will be held accountable according to law.

    The Chinese government is firmly committed to promoting high-level opening-up and firmly opposes any erroneous generalization of the concept of national security. China is ready to strengthen dialogue on export control with relevant countries and regions to jointly promote the security and stability of the global industrial chain and supply chain.

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